世界气候大会的宗旨是什么呢_世界气侯大会

1.世界气候大会多长时间召开一次

中国院副总理 *** 在第三次世界气候大会上的讲话

2009年9月3日，日内瓦Speech by Vice Premier Hui Liangyu of the People's Republic of China At the Third World Climate Conference (WCC-3)

3 September 2009

Geneva

先生，

女士们，先生们：

Mr. President

Ladies and Gentlemen

首先，我谨代表中国 *** 向第三次世界气候大会的成功召开表示热烈的祝贺！

To start with

I wish to express

on behalf of the Chinese Government

warm congratulations on the successful opening of the Third World Climate Conference (WCC-3)!

气候是人类赖以生存的自然环境，是经济社会可持续发展的重要基础。以气候变暖为主要特征的全球气候变化已是不争的事实，气候变化导致灾害性气候频发，冰川和积雪融化加速，水分布失衡，生物多样性受到威胁，对人类经济社会生活和可持续发展带来深刻和长远的影响。可以说，气候和气候变化问题，从来没有像今天这样受到各国 *** 的高度关切和重视，从来没有像今天这样受到全球民众的高度关心和忧虑，从来没有像今天这样受到各类国际组织的高度关注和思考。气候变化问题事关人类的福祉和全球的可持续发展，需要国际社会共同积极应对，此刻以“气候预测和信息为决策服务”为主题，召开第三次世界气候大会，既十分必要，也十分重要。这将对深化国际社会对气候及气候变化的理解产生重大而深远的影响，对深化气候服务在经济社会发展中的应用带来积极而有效的推动。

Climate is the natural environment which the mankind depends on for living and the important basic resources for sustainable economic and social development. The global climate change

mainly characterized by climate warming

is an unequivocal reality. Climate change leads to frequent occurrence of disastrous climate events

accelerated melting of glaciers and snow covers

unbalanced distribution of water resources and endangered biodiversity

and has profound and long-lasting impact on economic and social livelihood and sustainable development of human beings. Never before he the issues of climate and climate change received so much concern and attention from all s

been so much cared and worried about by people around the world

and been so much focused on and thought about by various international anizations. The issue of climate change calls for mon and active responses from the international munity

as it concerns the well-being of all peoples and the global sustainable development. Therefore

it is both necessary and important to convene at this particular time the WCC-3 on the theme of "climate prediction and information for decision-making". It will he significant and long-lasting implications on in-depth understanding of climate and climate change by the international munity

and bring about positive and effective impetus to lications of more tailored climate services in national economic and social development.

自1990年第二次世界气候大会以来，各有关国际组织在气候科学领域实施了一系列和行动，在推进全球气候观测系统建设、提高气候预测准确率、为决策者提供气候信息等方面取得巨大成就，也进一步提高了国际社会对气候及其变化的认识水平。中国 *** 对世界气象组织和相关国际组织的不懈努力和卓有成效的工作表示赞赏。

Since the Second World Climate Conference in 1990

relevant international anizations he launched a series of programs and actions in the field of climate science. Substantive achievements were made in building up the global climate observing system

improving the accuracy of climate prediction and delivering climate information for policy-makers. Awareness of climate and climate change by the international munity has also been raised. The Chinese Government reciates the WMO and relevant international anizations for their tireless efforts and fruitful work.

女士们，先生们，

Ladies and Gentlemen

中国是一个气候条件复杂、生态环境脆弱、自然灾害频发、易受气候变化影响的国家。中国 *** 十分重视气象工作和气候服务，建立了国家、省、市、县多层次的气候服务网络，服务范围遍及全国。我们不仅开展了气候预测和监测信息发布等一般的气候服务，而且开展了大量专业性气候服务，特别是在农业防灾减灾、防汛抗旱、防御台风、交通运输、疾病控制、森林草原防火等领域，加强气候监测、预测、预警服务，通过多种方式及时向社会公众发布信息，为 *** 动员各方力量开展抗灾救灾工作提供决策服务，取得了明显的减灾成果和经济社会效益，受到了国际国内的高度赞誉。2003年中国成立了北京气候中心，今年6月被世界气象组织正式认定为亚洲区域气候中心，向亚洲区域各国提供气候预测信息，促进亚洲区域气候工作发展。

China

with plex climatic conditions

fragile ecological environment and frequent natural disasters

is vulnerable to climate change. The Chinese Government attaches great importance to meteorological work and climate services

and has established a multi-level climate service neork at national

provincial

city and county levels

providing services throughout the country. We he provided not only routine climate services such as climate prediction

detection and relevant information delivery

but also a wide range of specialized climate services

particularly in the fields of agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation

flood control and drought relief

typhoon preparedness

transportation

disease control

forest and grassland fire prevention. We he also strengthened the services in climate monitoring

prediction and early warning

timely disseminated relevant information to the public through various channels

and provided decision-making services to the in mobilizing resources for disaster rescue and relief

thus achieving significant outes in disaster reduction and economic and social benefits. All these he been well recognized both at home and abroad. The Beijing Climate Center (BCC)

set up in 2003

was formally designated in this June by the WMO as a Regional Climate Center for Asia to provide the Asian countries with climate prediction information and to promote the development of regional climate services in Asia.中国 *** 将一如既往地大力支持气候观测、研究、预测和评估，大力促进气候信息在经济和社会生活中的应用，全面推进气候服务的发展。我们将进一步树立“公共气象、安全气象、气象”的发展理念，以提高气候服务能力为核心，不断开拓服务领域、丰富服务产品、完善服务体系，进一步提高监测预报的准确性、灾害预警的时效性、气象服务的主动性、防范应对的科学性，开发利用好气候，努力将与气候相关的风险控制到最低限度。为此，我们高度重视解决最基本的气候科学问题，支持相关的气候科技和建设项目，支持区域和国际气候信息的共享，以科学地认识气候规律。我们尤其期待全球科学家加大极端天气气候发生发展和影响规律的研究力度，加大化解水安全和生态系统安全面临的气候风险的研究力度，以提高自然灾害的防范能力，提高粮食安全的保障能力，提高经济社会的可持续发展能力。

The Chinese Government will continue to vigorously support the climate observation

research

prediction and asses *** ent，promote the lication of climate information in economic and social life

and advance the development of climate services. We will further foster the concept of developing "public meteorology

security-oriented meteorology and natural resource-oriented meteorology". Focusing on improving climate service capabilities

we will further improve the accuracy of climate monitoring and forecasting

the time effectiveness of early disaster warnings

the proactive meteorological responses. We will make good use of climate resources in an effort to minimize climate-related risks. To this end

we will pay great attention to addressing the most basic issues in climate science

support regional and international climate information sharing in order to scientifically understand the climate behior. In particular

we hope that scientists around the world would intensify research on the generation

development and impact of extreme weather and climate events

and on reduction of climate risks facing the security of water resources and ecosystem

so as to enhance the capability on preventing natural disasters

safeguarding food security and achieving sustainable economic and social developments.

女士们，先生们，

Ladies and Gentlemen

气候变化是人类面临的共同挑战。中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，尽管面临着发展经济、消除贫困、改善民生的艰钜任务，仍高度重视气候变化问题。中国是第一个制定《应对气候变化国家方案》的发展中国家。中国已经明确提出，从2005年到2010年，单位国内生产总值能耗降低20%左右，主要污染物排放减少10%，森林覆盖率从18%提高到20%，可再生能源在一次能源消费中的比例由7.5%提高到10%。为加强应对气候变化工作，中国成立了国家应对气候变化工作领导小组，在调整经济和产业结构、淘汰落后产能、发展循环经济、节约能源、提高能效、发展可再生能源等方面取了一系列政策措施。通过不懈的努力，中国节能减排取得积极成果，2006－2008年单位国内生产总值能耗下降10.1%。最近30年中国人工造林面积超过5400万公顷，是世界上人工造林最多的国家。

Climate change is the mon challenge faced by the mankind. As the largest developing country in the world

China faces enormous tasks in developing its economy

eradicating poverty and improving people's livelihood

but it still attaches great importance to climate change. China was the first developing Climate Change Program. China has clearly stated that

from 2005 to 2010

its energy consumption per unit GDP will be reduced by about 20%

main pollutants emissions by 10%

and its forest coverage be increased to 20% from 18%. The proportion of renewable energy in primary energy consumption will go up to 10% from 7.5%. To respond more effectively to climate change

China has established a national leading group on climate change

and has adopted a series of policies and measures in adjusting economic and industrial structures

phasing out backward production facilities

growing recycling industries

sing energy

improving energy efficiency and developing renewable energies. Thanks to our unremitting efforts

positive results he been achieved in energy sing and emission reduction

with the energy consumption per unit GDP reduced by 10.1% from 2006 to 2008. Over the past 30 years

China has afforested more than 54 million hectares of land and bee the country with the largest afforestation in the world.

中国作为一个负责任的国家，主张通过切实有效的国际合作，携手努力，共同应对气候变化。尽管国际金融危机严重冲击世界经济，中国经济也受到很大影响，但我们应对气候变化的决心没有改变，行动没有松懈。我们将继续积极参与和推进国际社会应对气候变化进程，推动即将召开的哥本哈根会议取得积极成果。我们将继续坚持《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《京都议定书》基本框架，坚持“共同但有区别的责任”原则，坚持可持续发展。我们主张哥本哈根会议应严格遵循巴厘路线图授权，进一步加强《公约》及《议定书》的全面、有效和持续实施，统筹考虑减缓、适应、技术转让和资金支持。发达国家应该继续率先量化减排，发展中国家则应做力所能及的贡献。中国将坚定不移地走可持续发展道路，实施强有力的国内政策、措施和行动，承担与发展阶段、应负责任和实际能力相称的国际义务，与国际社会一道共同呵护人类共有的地球家园。

As a responsible country

China maintains that the international munity should work together to jointly address climate change through effective international cooperation. The international financial crisis has seriously affected the global economy

and China's economy has also been greatly impacted. Nevertheless

our determination to address climate change remains unchanged

and we will not slacken our efforts. We will continue to actively participate in and advance the process of addressing climate change by the international munity and promote positive achievements in the uping climate change conference in Copenhagen. We will remain mitted to the basic frameworks of the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol

to the principle of "mon but differentiated responsibilities" and to sustainable development. We advocate that the Copenhagen conference should strictly follow the authorization of the Bali Road Map

further strengthen the prehensive

effective and sustained implementation of the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol

and consider in a coordinated manner mitigation

adaptation

technology transfer and financial support. The developed countries should continue to take the lead in undertaking quantified emission reduction mitments

and the developing countries should make contributions as their ability permits. China will be firmly mitted to the road of sustainable development

implement vigorous domestic policy-measures and actions

assume international obligations that are mensurate with our development stage

due responsibilities and actual capacities

and work with the international munity to look after the pla Earth - the mon home of the mankind.

大气无国界，合作无边界。防御和减轻气象灾害、适应和减缓气候变化、开发和利用气候，不仅是中国也是全世界关注的重大问题，迫切需要各国之间在更大范围、更深层次、更广领域加强合作。中国 *** 将同国际社会一起，取切实可行的措施和行动，密切合作，推进多方面的气候服务，使气候服务更好地造福全人类，为人类社会可持续发展做出新贡献。

Atmosphere recognizes no borders

and international cooperation transcends boundaries. Preparedness for and reduction of meteorological disasters

adaptation to and mitigation of climate change

exploration and utilization of climate resources are not only major issues of concern for China

but also for the whole world. It is imperative for all countries to strengthen cooperation in wider range

greater depth and broader areas. Together with the international munity

the Chinese Government will take practical and feasible measures and actions

conduct close cooperation

and promote the climate services in multiple aspects

so as to provide better climate services for the benefit of the mankind

and to make new contributions to the sustainable development of the human society.

祝第三次世界气候大会取得圆满成功！谢谢！

I wish the WCC-3 a plete success! Thank you all.

世界气候大会多长时间召开一次

（1）由于化石燃料中含有大量的碳元素，燃烧后产生大量的二氧化碳，所以减少它的排放可以减少使用化石燃料，开发新能源，不使用化石燃料．故答案为：开发新能源、减少化石燃料的使用或提高燃料的利用率；

（2）气体液化需要放出热量，所以是释放能量．故答案为：释放；

（3）反应物为二氧化碳和水生成物为碳酸，反应式是：CO2+H2O=H2CO3．故答案为：CO2+H2O=H2CO3；

（4）气体的溶解度与温度成反比，与压强成正比，由于深海中的温度低压强大，所以二氧化碳在深海中的溶解度增大．

故答案为：大、深海中的温度低压强大．

自1995年起每年12月召开一次。

世界气候大会指《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方会议（Conferences of the Parties，COP），自1995年起每年12月召开一次。第21届联合国气候变化大会将于2015年11月30日至12月11日在巴黎北郊的布尔歇展览中心举行。《联合国气候变化框架公约》（United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change，简称《框架公约》，英文缩写UNFCCC) 是1992年5月9日联合国间谈判委员会就气候变化问题达成的公约，于1992年6月4日在巴西里约热内卢举行的联合国环发大会（地球首脑会议）上通过。 《联合国气候变化框架公约》是世界上第一个为全面控制二氧化碳等温室气体排放，以应对全球气候变暖给人类经济和社会带来不利影响的国际公约，也是国际社会在对付全球气候变化问题上进行国际合作的一个基本框架。

公约内容：

公约由序言及26条正文组成。这是一个有法律约束力的公约，旨在控制大气中二氧化碳、甲烷和其他造成“温室效应”的气体的排放，将温室气体的浓度稳定在使气候系统免遭破坏的水平上。公约对发达国家和发展中国家规定的义务以及履行义务的程序有所区别。公约要求发达国家作为温室气体的排放大户，取具体措施限制温室气体的排放，并向发展中国家提供资金以支付他们履行公约义务所需的费用。而发展中国家只承担提供温室气体源与温室气体汇的国家清单的义务，制订并执行含有关于温室气体源与汇方面措施的方案，不承担有法律约束力的限控义务。公约建立了一个向发展中国家提供资金和技术，使其能够履行公约义务的资金机制。

公约目的：

《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二条规定，“本公约以及缔约方会议可能通过的任何相关法律文书的最终目标是减少温室气体排放，减少人为活动对气候系统的危害，减缓气候变化，增强生态系统对气候变化的适应性，确保粮食生产和经济可持续发展。

该公约没有对个别缔约方规定具体需承担的义务，也未规定实施机制。从这个意义上说，该公约缺少法律上的约束力。但是，该公约规定可在后续从属的议定书中设定强制排放限制。到目前为止，主要的议定书为《京都议定书》，后者甚至已经比本公约更加有名。

为实现上述目标，公约确立了五个基本原则

一、“共同而区别”的原则，要求发达国家应率先取措施，应对气候变化。

二、要考虑发展中国家的具体需要和国情。

三、各缔约国方应当取必要措施，预测、防止和减少引起气候变化的因素。

四、尊重各缔约方的可持续发展权。

五、加强国际合作，应对气候变化的措施不能成为国际贸易的壁垒。

公约影响：

世界上第一个为全面控制二氧化碳等温室气体排放，应对全球气候变暖给人类经济和社会带来不利影响的国际公约，也是国际社会在应对全球气候变化问题上进行国际合作的一个基本框架。据统计，如今已有190多个国家批准了《公约》，这些国家被称为《公约》缔约方。《公约》缔约方作出了许多旨在解决气候变化问题的承诺。每个缔约方都必须定期提交专项报告，其内容必须包含该缔约方的温室气体排放信息，并说明为实施《公约》所执行的及具体措施。《公约》于1994年3月生效，奠定了应对气候变化国际合作的法律基础，是具有权威性、普遍性、全面性的国际框架。